When to File a Complaint
File a complaint if a payday lender: charged more than your state's rate cap, failed to offer a required extended payment plan, made unauthorized debits from your bank account, threatened you with arrest or criminal prosecution, harassed you at work or contacted third parties, violated the FDCPA (if the debt was sold to a collector), or operated without a required state license.
State Attorney General
Every state has an attorney general with a consumer protection division. File online at your state AG's website. Include: lender name and contact information, loan details (amount, date, fees, APR), description of the violation, copies of documents (loan agreement, bank statements showing unauthorized debits, letters, call logs). State AGs have the power to investigate, fine, and shut down illegal lenders.
CFPB Complaint
File at consumerfinance.gov/complaint. The CFPB forwards your complaint to the lender and requires a response within 15 days. The CFPB tracks complaint patterns and uses them for enforcement actions. The CFPB has taken multiple enforcement actions against payday lenders, resulting in billions in refunds to consumers.
Other Resources
File with your state's financial regulator (Department of Financial Institutions, Banking Commissioner, etc.). If the lender is online, file in both your state and the lender's state. Report to the FTC at ftc.gov. If you are in the military, contact the CFPB Military Office and your base legal assistance. For class-action potential, contact a consumer protection attorney.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will filing a complaint stop the lender from collecting?
Filing a complaint does not automatically stop collection. However, it creates a record and may trigger a regulatory investigation. If the lender is operating illegally, the complaint can lead to enforcement action that benefits all borrowers.
Can I get my money back?
If the lender violated state law, you may be entitled to a refund of illegal fees and interest. State AG enforcement actions often include consumer restitution. A private lawsuit can also recover damages.
Is it worth filing a complaint for a small loan?
Yes. Individual complaints build the pattern that regulators use for enforcement. Your $400 complaint, combined with thousands of others, can lead to industry-wide changes and millions in restitution.
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